Multimedia+Learning

=**Research**=

Verbal presentation of information has traditionally dominated instructional messages in education. With the advent of computers and innovative technologies, there is the potential to use visual information in a way that enhances learning. In his 2009 book, //Multimedia Learning//, Richard Mayer presents research about how the human brain processes visual and auditory messages. This research makes a convincing case for careful consideration of instructional design of multimedia lessons to maximize. = = =**Technology-Centered vs. Learner-Centered Approach**=

It is important to remember that technology is merely a tool for the delivery of instruction and it should not be the driving force behind instruction. The focus needs to be upon the needs of the individual learner and how technology can be leveraged in a way that is consistent with the way that the human mind works.

As we design instruction, we need to be asking the right question:

How can we adapt multimedia technology to aid human cognition? How can we use cutting-edge technology to design multimedia presentations?
 * NOT**

=Summary of Mayer's Research=

1. Meaningful learning requires **active cognitive processing**. The information is selected and organized into mental representations based upon prior knowledge and experiences. 2. There are **dual channels** for processing visual and auditory information 3. There is a **limited capacity** in the amount of information that can be processed in each channel at one time

__**12 Principles of Effective Instructional Design in Multimedia Learning**__


 * 1. Coherence:** Learners are more successful when extraneous words, sounds or graphics are excluded
 * 2. Signaling:** People learn best when essential words are graphics are highlighted
 * 3. Redundancy:** Redundant captions are removed from narrated animations
 * 4. Spatial Contiguity:** The essential word are placed near the corresponding graphics
 * 5. Temporal Contiguity:** Corresponding words and pictures should appear simultaneously
 * 6. Segmenting:** Presentations are presented in shorter segments rather than one continuous flow
 * 7. Pre-Training:** Lessons are frontloaded with key ideas, vocabulary and characteristics that build prior knowledge.
 * 8. Modality:** Pictures and spoken words are MORE effective than pictures and printed words
 * 9. Multimedia:** Words and pictures are more effective than words alone
 * 10. Personalization:** Learners are more successful when words are used in a conversational style as opposed to a more formal style
 * 11. Voice:** Friendly human voices are more effective than computer generated voices
 * 12. Image:** Adding the speaker's image to the lesson does not necessarily positively influence learning

Mayer, R.E. (2009). Multimedia learning (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
 * References**



=Multimedia Resources=

__**TEXT & GRAPHICS FOR MULTIMEDIA LEARNING**__

www.cooltext.com www.phixr.com www.bighugelabs.com www.motivator.com www.dumper.com
 * Word Art**
 * Images**

@http://www.photovisi.com/ Create a free photo collage online.

www.wordle.org www.mywebspiration.com www.mind42.com www.bubbl.us.com www.spinscape.com Inspiration Kidspiration
 * Word Clouds**
 * Graphic Organizers**

__**DIGITAL SCRAPBOOKING**__

www.mixbook.com www.scrapblog.com www.glogster.com www.noteland.com


 * TEXT-TO-AUDIO or AUDIO-TO-TEXT**

Cellphones iPods

Audacity Audio recording software.

www.voki.com Create your own speaking Avatar using text-to-voice.

www.animoto.com www.yodio.com www.yackpack.com www.xtranormal.com www.voicethread.com


 * VIDEO & ANIMATION**

@http://www.dfilm.com This site allows you to make a 60 second video using pre-made characters and settings and inputting your own text. The final product can be sent by email and embedded into websites.

[] Free site to make 60 second videos using photos, video and music.

www.goanimate.com www.picasion.com Flux Time Studio My Web Face Read-Write-Think Toon Doo Web Windows Movie Maker Screencasting

__**COMICS**__

http://www.eyejot.com/ With just a webcam, you can create video emails of up to 60 seconds in duration. Vivipedia Ustream You Tube School Tube Teacher Tube AVS Video Converter http://www.video2mp3.net/index.php Converts video into MP3 audio files @http://www.leawo.com/ Converts You Tube video to other formats.


 * SOCIAL NETWORKING**

Twitter Ning KickApps CrowdVine GoingOn SocialGo www.grou.ps.com Elgg Buddypress

www.wikispaces.com www.pbwiki.com
 * Wikis**


 * Blogs**


 * Website**

**www.weebly.com** Free and easy website builder


 * PRESENTATIONS:**

Power Point www.slideshare.com www.slideboom.com www.prezi.com

__**VIRTUAL FIELD TRIPS**__

__**SIMULATIONS**__

__**Google Earth**__

__**Virtual Notebook**__ Live Binders